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Wednesday, March 7, 2018

What is the difference between http and https ?

What  is the difference between http and https ?
Time to know this with 32 lakh debit cards compromised in India.

Many of you may be aware of this difference, but  it is
worth sharing for any that are not.....

The  main difference between http:// and https:// is  all
about keeping you secure

HTTP stands  for Hyper Text Transfer Protocol 
The  S (big  surprise)  stands for "Secure"..  If you visit a
Website or web page, and look at the address in the web    browser, it is likely begin with the following: http:///.

This  means that the website is talking to your  browser using
the regular unsecured language.  In other words, it is possible for someone to  "eavesdrop" on your computer's conversation with  the Website. If you fill out a form on the  website, someone might see the information you send to that site.
     
This  is why you never ever enter your credit card  number in an
Http website! But if the web address begins with https://, that means your computer is talking to the website in  a
Secure code that no one can eavesdrop on. 
You understand why this is so important, right? 
     
If  a website ever asks you to enter your Credit/Debit card
Information, you should automatically look to see if the web
address begins with https://.
     
If  it doesn't,  You should NEVER enter sensitive
    Information....such as a credit/debit card  number.
     
PASS  IT ON (You may save someone a lot of grief).
GK:
While checking the name of any website, first look for the domain extension (.com or .org, .co.in, .net  etc). The name just before this is the domain name of the website. Eg, in the above example, http://amazon.diwali-festivals.com, the word before .com is "diwali-festivals" (and NOT "amazon"). So, this webpage does not belong to amazon.com but belongs to "diwali-festivals.com", which we all haven't heard before.
You can similarly check for bank frauds.
Before your ebanking logins, make sure that the name just before ".com" is the name of your bank. "Something.icicibank.com" belongs to icici, but icicibank.some1else.com belongs to "some1else".

👆 *Simple but good knowledge to have at times like these* 👆

Exclusively for all lawyers Compilation of words which lawyers use (which makes them a class apart):

Exclusively for all lawyers
Compilation of words which lawyers use (which makes them a class apart):

1. Lawyers don't "correct" pleadings; They amend them.

2. Lawyers don't merely "think". They opine.

3. Lawyers don't "outline" remedies or issues; They adumbrate them.

4. Lawyers don't "suggest" to court; They submit.

5. Lawyers don't "lie"; They misguide the audience

6. Lawyers don't "support" with evidence; they corroborate it.

7. Lawyers don't "show" in court; They demonstrate.

8. Lawyers don't "say" anything; They aver.

9. Lawyers don't "disagree with a fact"; They contend it.

10. Lawyers don't "finish submitting"; They rest their case.

11. Lawyers don't use the word "understand"; They use "construe".

12. Lawyers don't "agree with other people's opinions" ; They concur with them.

13. Lawyers don't "investigate"; They probe.

14. Lawyers don't "disagree with other people's opinions"; They dissent from them.

15. Lawyers don't "ask for permission"; They seek leave.

16. Lawyers don't "fall sick"; They get indisposed.

17. Lawyers don't "ask court"; They pray.

18. Lawyers don't "increase" anything they "augment" it

19. Lawyers don't ask court to  "postpone cases"; They ask it to adjourn them.

20. Lawyers don't "find solutions"; They seek remedies.

21. Lawyers "know" everything; what you think they don't know is "what they have not addressed their minds to".

22. Lawyers don't "go on" ; They proceed.

23. Lawyers don't "refuse"; They object.

24. Lawyers don't "ask court to take a step"; They move it.

25. Lawyers don't "leave an issue"; They abandon it.

26. Lawyers are not "wordy"; They articulate their point.

27. Lawyers don't "find solutions"; They resolve issues.

28. Lawyers call themselves lawyers among "lay men"(all other professions and non professionals); They call themselves "Learned Friends" when they are addressing themselves.

29. Lawyers don't "disagree" with each other; They just differ.

30. Lawyers don't "seek help" from court; They seek redress.

31. Lawyers don't "speak" in court; They address court.

32. Lawyers don't "agree" to what someone has said; They associate themselves with it.

33. Lawyers don't say something is "irrelevant or useless"; They say it is immaterial.

34. Lawyers don't "arrive" in court; They enter appearance.

35. Lawyers don't "go" to a judge; They appear before him or her.

36. Lawyers don't "die" ; They relocate to God's domicile !

37. Lawyers don't get "late"; They delay.

38. Lawyers don't "disagree" with somebody's opinion; They dissociate themselves from it.

39. Lawyers don't "stand in for" anyone; They hold brief for them.

40. Lawyers don't ask court to "force";They ask it to compel.

41. Lawyers don't say something is "the same"; They say it is parimateria.

42. Lawyers don't say someone is "responsible"; They say he/she is liable.

43. Lawyers don't "explain" what they have said; They substantiate it.

44. Lawyers don't "tell lies"; They amend the facts

Section Vs Article

Section   Vs   Article

When any fundamentally important document is drafted which may be a grundnorm (Fundamental norm to support all other legal norms) of that system, then generally it is differentiated from the ordinary municipal laws by referring to its clauses as articles rather than sections, such as United Nations Charter, International Conventions, Constitution of a country etc. from where other laws or rules originate.

Not necessarily that a Constitution has always articles but no sections. Article is used to convey an impression that they are more elaborate and conventional in expression.

The word "article" is used in English law in relation to the Memorandum and Articles of Association of a company, Articles of partnership, Articles of clerkship or apprenticeship. They are all in the context of forming some agreement. Outside the legal context we have articles of faith. And Articles are what the component part of interntional treaties are called. I suggest that part of the explanation lies in the general sense of the word "article”. A separate thing. So a treaty is a collection of things - we agree to this, and this and this.... Magna Carta was thought of as articles. "The twenty-five barons shall swear to obey all the above articles faithfully, and shall cause them to be obeyed by others to the best of their power". But the oldest statute in English law still in force, the Statute of Marlborough, 1267, refers to what is enacted as "provisions" ("provisiones" in the original Latin) but then goes on to say " the King, intending to devise convenient Remedy, hath made these Acts, Ordinances, and Statutes underwritten" [or perhaps Provisions, Ordinances, and Statutes]. But no articles. On the other hand, these days we would think of ordinances and statutes as separate documents. The late and distinguished British drafter, Francis Bennion, tells us that the parts of an Order in Council in the UK (an Order made by the monarch, the Council being the Privy Council) are Articles - and inded it is so, I had not registered that before. The French use the word "Article" in ordinary legislation (at least Codes, Lois (Acts) and Ordinances). But they may divide a piece of legislation into "sections" within which are Articles (in the same way as the word "Chapter" is used in an English statute). Perhaps French usage affected international usage. It was the "language of diplomacy", after all. On the other hand, there was simply a lot of trade in law and language between countries, especially in terms of bills of rights and constitutions. Turning to Constitutions. The US Constitution is divided into Articles (within which are sections). Recall the origin of the US Constitution: an agreement between the original 13 states. Also, the legal tradition being British, they would have looked perhaps to the Articles of Union between England and Scotland. On the other hand, at least the State of Delaware, in its own Constitution of 1776, used the word "Article" to refer to separate stipulations.

The pre-independence constitution was the Constitution of India Act 1935, an Act of the British Parliament. That was divided into sections. The Indians were very much influenced by precedents such as the Americans, the French, even the British, the Canadians and the Irish. The Irish Constitution is divided into Articles (themselves divided into sections). I note that as early as December 1946, "General Directions" prepared "originally at the instance of Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru" and submitted to the Union Constitution Committee of the Constituent Assembly, uses the word "Article". Most British colonies became independent with constitutions drafted by the Colonial Office, and used "sections". Post independence constitutions also sometimes retain that terminology (e.g. Nigeria 1999, South Africa 1996). Kenya 2010 uses Articles. This began as a deliberate departure from the past on the part of the Constitution of Kenya Review Commission in 2002 -- even though it drew quite heavily from South Africa. But it also drew from India, Uganda (Articles), and Canada -- especially the Charter of Rights and Freedoms (sections). There are reasons for usages - but usages they remain. But one needs to get it right within the particular tradition.